The valgus deformation of the foot in children is a pathology in which the distance between the inner sides of the ankles is 4-5 cm or more during the tight compression and correct of the legs.At the same time, the heel deviates together with the fingers, and the inner arches of the feet seem to be flooded inside.
In orthopedics, such a curvature of the legs is referred to as x-shaped (with varus deformation of the feet, on the contrary, an O-shaped curvature is observed).Against the background of the valgus deformation, a decrease in the amount of the arches of the feet is determined, say that this is a flat valgus deformation.
Usually the parents are noticeable for the valgus deformation of the foot in their child when he performs for seven to eight months, because during this time the first attempts to walk are.If you look at the photo of the flat valgus deformation of the feet.
classification
In medicine, three severity of valgus anomaly is differentiated:
- Light.The highlight of the arch is less than 140 °, the height of the longitudinal arch of the stop is about 15 to 20 mm.
- Average.The height of the arch in the second degree of the valgus deformation of the foot in children is 150-160 °, the height of the longitudinal vault, the heel bone, the heel bone, around 10 °, the valgus position of the back of the foot and the removal of the front vault is no more than 15 °.
- Heavy (lane storm).The height of the safe is 0 to 5 mm, the angle of inclination of the calcaneus is 0 to 5 °, the angle of the winning of the bow over 160-180 °, the position of the rear section and the line of the front section more than 20 °.The child complains about constant pain in the joint.A severe severity of the deformation is not accessible to complete correction.
There is further classification of the valgus deformation of the feet based on the cause of the disease:
- Compensation (caused by a shortened Achilles tendon).
- Structurally (due to the innate irregular position of the rambone).
- Spastic (is a sequence of muscle cramps that occur due to disorders in the work of the brain rinal).
- Correction hyper (caused by illiterate treatment of the child's curvature).
- Rachitic (manifests itself in children with rachitis).
- Paralytic (complication of encephalitis or polio).
- Traumatic (caused by a fracture of the bones of the ankle joint, break of the ligaments).
Causes of Valgus deformation of the feet in children
The valgus deformation of the foot is innate and acquired.In the first case, the causes of the disease are associated with intrauterine violation of the situation/shape of the bones.The diagnosis is made in infancy.
The acquired form of valgus anomaly is not caused by the ended tendons and deviations in the development of the musculoskeletal system.Typically, the diagnosis of a "valgus deformation of the stop" is made by eight -month children or if a small patient is 1 year old.The deviation is most frequently formed in weakened children with muscle hypotension.
On the most common causes of the valgus deformation of the foot in the child:
- Not -private;
- intrauterine hypotrophy;
- Common diseases with bronchitis, acute respiratory infections, pneumonia;
- Congenital weakness of connective tissue;
- Rickets;
- Band injuries, bones of the lower leg, muscles;
- long stay in the plaster;
- Obesity of the children;
- straighten the child on his feet too early;
- Wear bad quality/incorrectly selected shoes.
In addition, the valgus anomaly is created as a result:
- Cerebral palsy;
- Polyneuropathy;
- Osteoporosis;
- Dysplasia;
- Endocrine and genetic disorders;
- Congenital transfer of the thigh;
- Polio;
- Muscularis dystrophia.
Symptoms of Valgus deformation
The symptoms of the valgus deformation of the foot in children include:
- During the walking, the child does not step on the entire foot, but only on the inner edge (the legs are "flooded" internally).
- Legs acquire an X-shaped shape.
- The course becomes uncomfortable.
- The child complains about pain in the legs.
- In the evening it is possible to swell the feet, cramps.
- The shoes that the child wears are unevenly torn - first the inner side of the sole subsides.
If you find similar symptoms in yourself, see a doctor immediately.It is easier to prevent the disease than dealing with the consequences.
Diagnosis
In order to make such a diagnosis as the Valgus deformation of the stop, the doctor traumologist-aorthistist checks the child and describes a special examination:
- Podometer (the method evaluates the distribution of the load on certain feet departments);
- Computerplantography (enables you to calculate the morphological parameters of the feet);
- Radiography (enables changes in the position of the feet to be examined relatively relatively).
In some cases, an additional ultrasound of the joints is required.In order to exclude the connection of the valgus deformation with diseases of the central/peripheral nervous system, the child is directed to a children's neurologist.
How the valgus deformation of the feet is treated in children
The treatment of the valgus deformation of the feet in children aims to normalize the shape of the feet, restore their functions and strengthen the band and muscle apparatus.In the event of a innate form of the disease, a child orthopedist can prescribe wearing a plaster dressing.Conservative treatment also includes:
- Night baths.Musical tone, improve ligaments.To prepare the bathroom, it is necessary to dissolve 1/3 cup of sea salt in 10 liters of warm water.Plant the child into the waist solution for 20 minutes.The meetings take place every other day.A course includes 15 procedures.Repeat the treatment every 4 months.
- Massage.The massage with valgus deformation of the foot in children is one of the most important treatment points.It should be carried out by a qualified specialist.
- Sludge and ozotoceros applications.
- Paraffin therapy.Paraffin wrap is only made on the foot or in the form of a boot.Heating improves blood circulation, ligaments.
- Acupuncture.
- Electrical stimulation of the muscles of the foot and lower leg.Promotes muscle reinforcement.
- Electrophoresis, magnetotherapy.
- Training therapy.LFK with Valgus deformation of the foot is carried out daily.Correctly selected exercises can improve the flexibility of the ligaments, muscle resistance, the improvement of joint mobility, the normalization of fabric metabolism and the bloodstream.
In order to correct the valgus deformation of the feet, children have to wear special shoes with hard side fixation of the heels and feet and use individual functional insoles.As for sport, you can ride a bike with Valgus anomaly, swim.
In extreme cases, the disease uses surgical treatment (7%) if all conservative medical measures are ineffective.It may be:
- Arthrodesis operations.Place the motionless joint between heel and talus bones, which intensify the muscles of the inner arch.
- Surgical intervention.The manual correction of the child's stop is carried out, according to which the plaster is overlaid.The meetings take place once a week.After each of them, the foot changes its position.The doctor turns plaster to the entire foot (from the middle third of the thigh).At the same time, the knee is bent at an angle of ninety degrees.In the last session, the doctor fixes the talus navicular joint in the correct position and introduces the Kirchner-knit needle through the skin.Then he dresses plaster for two months.
- Children who have undergone the treatment of the valgus deformation of the feet with the help of the operation should always wear special orthopedic shoes that support the arches of the feet.
- Small invasive operations that change the angle between the individual foot bones, whereupon the tension of the band apparatus increases.
Danger
If the degree of deformation is mild, complete recovery is possible.A serious degree of valgus deformation is not an ordinary cosmetic defect.The disease causes serious, functional limbs, which can lead to disability.
The lack of competent treatment of anomaly can cause:
- flat feet;
- constant pain in the legs;
- Osteochondrosis;
- Arthrosis;
- Shortening of the limbs;
- Violation of attitude (scoliosis);
- Deformation of the joints of the pelvis, the ankle and the knee.
Risk group
The greatest risk of getting sick with valgus deformation occurs when parents bring the child to their feet at an early stage (up to 9 months), buy bad shoes or the size is selected incorrectly.Babies who suffer from rachitis and have a genetic predisposition to curvature are also susceptible to pathology.
Prevention of the valgus deformation of the foot
The prevention of the disease includes the following points:
- You shouldn't put the child on your feet for up to 9 months.
- Exclusion of the development of rachitis (preventive absorption of vitamin D).
- Buy shoes with orthopedic insoles.The background of the children's boots should be 3-4 cm higher than the heel.The sole should bow well.A prerequisite is the presence of a supervisor.
- Massage your feet.
In addition, you should not ignore the planned examinations of an orthopedic surgeon, surgeon, neurologists.At the age of 1 month, the doctor can diagnose innate diseases of the skeleton in 3 and 6 months to rule out the development of rachitis after 1 year in order to evaluate the volume of the common movements, the correctness of vertebral bends after 3 years - the staging, keeping and measuring the length of the limbs.
It is impossible to recover quickly with the diagnosis of a valgus deformation.Parents cannot rate the first results earlier than six months after the start of conservative therapy.
This article is only published for cognitive purposes and is not a scientific material or professional medical advice.